UnwindPlan.h

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//===-- UnwindPlan.h --------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
#ifndef LLDB_SYMBOL_UNWINDPLAN_H
#define LLDB_SYMBOL_UNWINDPLAN_H
 
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
 
#include "lldb/Core/AddressRange.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/ConstString.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/RegisterInfo.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/Stream.h"
#include "lldb/lldb-private.h"
 
namespace lldb_private {
 
// The UnwindPlan object specifies how to unwind out of a function - where this
// function saves the caller's register values before modifying them (for non-
// volatile aka saved registers) and how to find this frame's Canonical Frame
// Address (CFA) or Aligned Frame Address (AFA).
 
// CFA is a DWARF's Canonical Frame Address.
// Most commonly, registers are saved on the stack, offset some bytes from the
// Canonical Frame Address, or CFA, which is the starting address of this
// function's stack frame (the CFA is same as the eh_frame's CFA, whatever that
// may be on a given architecture). The CFA address for the stack frame does
// not change during the lifetime of the function.
 
// AFA is an artificially introduced Aligned Frame Address.
// It is used only for stack frames with realignment (e.g. when some of the
// locals has an alignment requirement higher than the stack alignment right
// after the function call). It is used to access register values saved on the
// stack after the realignment (and so they are inaccessible through the CFA).
// AFA usually equals the stack pointer value right after the realignment.
 
// Internally, the UnwindPlan is structured as a vector of register locations
// organized by code address in the function, showing which registers have been
// saved at that point and where they are saved. It can be thought of as the
// expanded table form of the DWARF CFI encoded information.
 
// Other unwind information sources will be converted into UnwindPlans before
// being added to a FuncUnwinders object.  The unwind source may be an eh_frame
// FDE, a DWARF debug_frame FDE, or assembly language based prologue analysis.
// The UnwindPlan is the canonical form of this information that the unwinder
// code will use when walking the stack.
 
class UnwindPlan {
public:
  class Row {
  public:
    class AbstractRegisterLocation {
    public:
      enum RestoreType {
        unspecified,       // not specified, we may be able to assume this
                           // is the same register. gcc doesn't specify all
                           // initial values so we really don't know...
        undefined,         // reg is not available, e.g. volatile reg
        same,              // reg is unchanged
        atCFAPlusOffset,   // reg = deref(CFA + offset)
        isCFAPlusOffset,   // reg = CFA + offset
        atAFAPlusOffset,   // reg = deref(AFA + offset)
        isAFAPlusOffset,   // reg = AFA + offset
        inOtherRegister,   // reg = other reg
        atDWARFExpression, // reg = deref(eval(dwarf_expr))
        isDWARFExpression, // reg = eval(dwarf_expr)
        isConstant         // reg = constant
      };
 
      AbstractRegisterLocation() : m_location() {}
 
      bool operator==(const AbstractRegisterLocation &rhs) const;
 
      bool operator!=(const AbstractRegisterLocation &rhs) const {
        return !(*this == rhs);
      }
 
      void SetUnspecified() { m_type = unspecified; }
 
      void SetUndefined() { m_type = undefined; }
 
      void SetSame() { m_type = same; }
 
      bool IsSame() const { return m_type == same; }
 
      bool IsUnspecified() const { return m_type == unspecified; }
 
      bool IsUndefined() const { return m_type == undefined; }
 
      bool IsCFAPlusOffset() const { return m_type == isCFAPlusOffset; }
 
      bool IsAtCFAPlusOffset() const { return m_type == atCFAPlusOffset; }
 
      bool IsAFAPlusOffset() const { return m_type == isAFAPlusOffset; }
 
      bool IsAtAFAPlusOffset() const { return m_type == atAFAPlusOffset; }
 
      bool IsInOtherRegister() const { return m_type == inOtherRegister; }
 
      bool IsAtDWARFExpression() const { return m_type == atDWARFExpression; }
 
      bool IsDWARFExpression() const { return m_type == isDWARFExpression; }
 
      bool IsConstant() const { return m_type == isConstant; }
 
      void SetIsConstant(uint64_t value) {
        m_type = isConstant;
        m_location.constant_value = value;
      }
 
      uint64_t GetConstant() const { return m_location.constant_value; }
 
      void SetAtCFAPlusOffset(int32_t offset) {
        m_type = atCFAPlusOffset;
        m_location.offset = offset;
      }
 
      void SetIsCFAPlusOffset(int32_t offset) {
        m_type = isCFAPlusOffset;
        m_location.offset = offset;
      }
 
      void SetAtAFAPlusOffset(int32_t offset) {
        m_type = atAFAPlusOffset;
        m_location.offset = offset;
      }
 
      void SetIsAFAPlusOffset(int32_t offset) {
        m_type = isAFAPlusOffset;
        m_location.offset = offset;
      }
 
      void SetInRegister(uint32_t reg_num) {
        m_type = inOtherRegister;
        m_location.reg_num = reg_num;
      }
 
      uint32_t GetRegisterNumber() const {
        if (m_type == inOtherRegister)
          return m_location.reg_num;
        return LLDB_INVALID_REGNUM;
      }
 
      RestoreType GetLocationType() const { return m_type; }
 
      int32_t GetOffset() const {
        switch(m_type)
        {
        case atCFAPlusOffset:
        case isCFAPlusOffset:
        case atAFAPlusOffset:
        case isAFAPlusOffset:
          return m_location.offset;
        default:
          return 0;
        }
      }
 
      void GetDWARFExpr(const uint8_t **opcodes, uint16_t &len) const {
        if (m_type == atDWARFExpression || m_type == isDWARFExpression) {
          *opcodes = m_location.expr.opcodes;
          len = m_location.expr.length;
        } else {
          *opcodes = nullptr;
          len = 0;
        }
      }
 
      void SetAtDWARFExpression(const uint8_t *opcodes, uint32_t len);
 
      void SetIsDWARFExpression(const uint8_t *opcodes, uint32_t len);
 
      const uint8_t *GetDWARFExpressionBytes() const {
        if (m_type == atDWARFExpression || m_type == isDWARFExpression)
          return m_location.expr.opcodes;
        return nullptr;
      }
 
      int GetDWARFExpressionLength() const {
        if (m_type == atDWARFExpression || m_type == isDWARFExpression)
          return m_location.expr.length;
        return 0;
      }
 
      void Dump(Stream &s, const UnwindPlan *unwind_plan,
                const UnwindPlan::Row *row, Thread *thread, bool verbose) const;
 
    private:
      RestoreType m_type = unspecified; // How do we locate this register?
      union {
        // For m_type == atCFAPlusOffset or m_type == isCFAPlusOffset
        int32_t offset;
        // For m_type == inOtherRegister
        uint32_t reg_num; // The register number
        // For m_type == atDWARFExpression or m_type == isDWARFExpression
        struct {
          const uint8_t *opcodes;
          uint16_t length;
        } expr;
        // For m_type == isConstant
        uint64_t constant_value;
      } m_location;
    };
 
    class FAValue {
    public:
      enum ValueType {
        unspecified,            // not specified
        isRegisterPlusOffset,   // FA = register + offset
        isRegisterDereferenced, // FA = [reg]
        isDWARFExpression,      // FA = eval(dwarf_expr)
        isRaSearch,             // FA = SP + offset + ???
        isConstant,             // FA = constant
      };
 
      FAValue() : m_value() {}
 
      bool operator==(const FAValue &rhs) const;
 
      bool operator!=(const FAValue &rhs) const { return !(*this == rhs); }
 
      void SetUnspecified() { m_type = unspecified; }
 
      bool IsUnspecified() const { return m_type == unspecified; }
 
      void SetRaSearch(int32_t offset) {
        m_type = isRaSearch;
        m_value.ra_search_offset = offset;
      }
 
      bool IsRegisterPlusOffset() const {
        return m_type == isRegisterPlusOffset;
      }
 
      void SetIsRegisterPlusOffset(uint32_t reg_num, int32_t offset) {
        m_type = isRegisterPlusOffset;
        m_value.reg.reg_num = reg_num;
        m_value.reg.offset = offset;
      }
 
      bool IsRegisterDereferenced() const {
        return m_type == isRegisterDereferenced;
      }
 
      void SetIsRegisterDereferenced(uint32_t reg_num) {
        m_type = isRegisterDereferenced;
        m_value.reg.reg_num = reg_num;
      }
 
      bool IsDWARFExpression() const { return m_type == isDWARFExpression; }
 
      void SetIsDWARFExpression(const uint8_t *opcodes, uint32_t len) {
        m_type = isDWARFExpression;
        m_value.expr.opcodes = opcodes;
        m_value.expr.length = len;
      }
 
      bool IsConstant() const { return m_type == isConstant; }
 
      void SetIsConstant(uint64_t constant) {
        m_type = isConstant;
        m_value.constant = constant;
      }
 
      uint64_t GetConstant() const { return m_value.constant; }
 
      uint32_t GetRegisterNumber() const {
        if (m_type == isRegisterDereferenced || m_type == isRegisterPlusOffset)
          return m_value.reg.reg_num;
        return LLDB_INVALID_REGNUM;
      }
 
      ValueType GetValueType() const { return m_type; }
 
      int32_t GetOffset() const {
        switch (m_type) {
          case isRegisterPlusOffset:
            return m_value.reg.offset;
          case isRaSearch:
            return m_value.ra_search_offset;
          default:
            return 0;
        }
      }
 
      void IncOffset(int32_t delta) {
        if (m_type == isRegisterPlusOffset)
          m_value.reg.offset += delta;
      }
 
      void SetOffset(int32_t offset) {
        if (m_type == isRegisterPlusOffset)
          m_value.reg.offset = offset;
      }
 
      void GetDWARFExpr(const uint8_t **opcodes, uint16_t &len) const {
        if (m_type == isDWARFExpression) {
          *opcodes = m_value.expr.opcodes;
          len = m_value.expr.length;
        } else {
          *opcodes = nullptr;
          len = 0;
        }
      }
 
      const uint8_t *GetDWARFExpressionBytes() const {
        if (m_type == isDWARFExpression)
          return m_value.expr.opcodes;
        return nullptr;
      }
 
      int GetDWARFExpressionLength() const {
        if (m_type == isDWARFExpression)
          return m_value.expr.length;
        return 0;
      }
 
      void Dump(Stream &s, const UnwindPlan *unwind_plan, Thread *thread) const;
 
    private:
      ValueType m_type = unspecified; // How do we compute CFA value?
      union {
        struct {
          // For m_type == isRegisterPlusOffset or m_type ==
          // isRegisterDereferenced
          uint32_t reg_num; // The register number
          // For m_type == isRegisterPlusOffset
          int32_t offset;
        } reg;
        // For m_type == isDWARFExpression
        struct {
          const uint8_t *opcodes;
          uint16_t length;
        } expr;
        // For m_type == isRaSearch
        int32_t ra_search_offset;
        // For m_type = isConstant
        uint64_t constant;
      } m_value;
    }; // class FAValue
 
    Row();
 
    bool operator==(const Row &rhs) const;
 
    bool GetRegisterInfo(uint32_t reg_num,
                         AbstractRegisterLocation &register_location) const;
 
    void SetRegisterInfo(uint32_t reg_num,
                         const AbstractRegisterLocation register_location);
 
    void RemoveRegisterInfo(uint32_t reg_num);
 
    int64_t GetOffset() const { return m_offset; }
 
    void SetOffset(int64_t offset) { m_offset = offset; }
 
    void SlideOffset(int64_t offset) { m_offset += offset; }
 
    const FAValue &GetCFAValue() const { return m_cfa_value; }
    FAValue &GetCFAValue() { return m_cfa_value; }
 
    const FAValue &GetAFAValue() const { return m_afa_value; }
    FAValue &GetAFAValue() { return m_afa_value; }
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToAtCFAPlusOffset(uint32_t reg_num, int32_t offset,
                                              bool can_replace);
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToIsCFAPlusOffset(uint32_t reg_num, int32_t offset,
                                              bool can_replace);
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToUndefined(uint32_t reg_num, bool can_replace,
                                        bool can_replace_only_if_unspecified);
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToUnspecified(uint32_t reg_num, bool can_replace);
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToRegister(uint32_t reg_num, uint32_t other_reg_num,
                                       bool can_replace);
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToSame(uint32_t reg_num, bool must_replace);
 
    /// This method does not make a copy of the \a opcodes memory, it is
    /// assumed to have the same lifetime as the Module this UnwindPlan will
    /// be registered in.
    bool SetRegisterLocationToIsDWARFExpression(uint32_t reg_num,
                                                const uint8_t *opcodes,
                                                uint32_t len, bool can_replace);
 
    bool SetRegisterLocationToIsConstant(uint32_t reg_num, uint64_t constant,
                                         bool can_replace);
 
    // When this UnspecifiedRegistersAreUndefined mode is
    // set, any register that is not specified by this Row will
    // be described as Undefined.
    // This will prevent the unwinder from iterating down the
    // stack looking for a spill location, or a live register value
    // at frame 0.
    // It would be used for an UnwindPlan row where we can't track
    // spilled registers -- for instance a jitted stack frame where
    // we have no unwind information or start address -- and registers
    // MAY have been spilled and overwritten, so providing the
    // spilled/live value from a newer frame may show an incorrect value.
    void SetUnspecifiedRegistersAreUndefined(bool unspec_is_undef) {
      m_unspecified_registers_are_undefined = unspec_is_undef;
    }
 
    bool GetUnspecifiedRegistersAreUndefined() const {
      return m_unspecified_registers_are_undefined;
    }
 
    void Clear();
 
    void Dump(Stream &s, const UnwindPlan *unwind_plan, Thread *thread,
              lldb::addr_t base_addr) const;
 
  protected:
    typedef std::map<uint32_t, AbstractRegisterLocation> collection;
    int64_t m_offset = 0; // Offset into the function for this row
 
    FAValue m_cfa_value;
    FAValue m_afa_value;
    collection m_register_locations;
    bool m_unspecified_registers_are_undefined = false;
  }; // class Row
 
  UnwindPlan(lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind)
      : m_register_kind(reg_kind), m_return_addr_register(LLDB_INVALID_REGNUM),
        m_plan_is_sourced_from_compiler(eLazyBoolCalculate),
        m_plan_is_valid_at_all_instruction_locations(eLazyBoolCalculate),
        m_plan_is_for_signal_trap(eLazyBoolCalculate) {}
 
  // Performs a deep copy of the plan, including all the rows (expensive).
  UnwindPlan(const UnwindPlan &rhs) = default;
  UnwindPlan &operator=(const UnwindPlan &rhs) = default;
 
  UnwindPlan(UnwindPlan &&rhs) = default;
  UnwindPlan &operator=(UnwindPlan &&) = default;
 
  ~UnwindPlan() = default;
 
  void Dump(Stream &s, Thread *thread, lldb::addr_t base_addr) const;
 
  void AppendRow(Row row);
 
  void InsertRow(Row row, bool replace_existing = false);
 
  // Returns a pointer to the best row for the given offset into the function's
  // instructions. If offset is std::nullopt it indicates that the function
  // start is unknown - the final row in the UnwindPlan is returned. In
  // practice, the UnwindPlan for a function with no known start address will be
  // the architectural default UnwindPlan which will only have one row.
  const UnwindPlan::Row *
  GetRowForFunctionOffset(std::optional<int64_t> offset) const;
 
  lldb::RegisterKind GetRegisterKind() const { return m_register_kind; }
 
  void SetRegisterKind(lldb::RegisterKind kind) { m_register_kind = kind; }
 
  void SetReturnAddressRegister(uint32_t regnum) {
    m_return_addr_register = regnum;
  }
 
  uint32_t GetReturnAddressRegister() const { return m_return_addr_register; }
 
  uint32_t GetInitialCFARegister() const {
    if (m_row_list.empty())
      return LLDB_INVALID_REGNUM;
    return m_row_list.front().GetCFAValue().GetRegisterNumber();
  }
 
  // This UnwindPlan may not be valid at every address of the function span.
  // For instance, a FastUnwindPlan will not be valid at the prologue setup
  // instructions - only in the body of the function.
  void SetPlanValidAddressRanges(std::vector<AddressRange> ranges) {
    m_plan_valid_ranges = std::move(ranges);
  }
 
  bool PlanValidAtAddress(Address addr) const;
 
  bool IsValidRowIndex(uint32_t idx) const;
 
  const UnwindPlan::Row *GetRowAtIndex(uint32_t idx) const;
 
  const UnwindPlan::Row *GetLastRow() const;
 
  lldb_private::ConstString GetSourceName() const;
 
  void SetSourceName(const char *);
 
  // Was this UnwindPlan emitted by a compiler?
  lldb_private::LazyBool GetSourcedFromCompiler() const {
    return m_plan_is_sourced_from_compiler;
  }
 
  // Was this UnwindPlan emitted by a compiler?
  void SetSourcedFromCompiler(lldb_private::LazyBool from_compiler) {
    m_plan_is_sourced_from_compiler = from_compiler;
  }
 
  // Is this UnwindPlan valid at all instructions?  If not, then it is assumed
  // valid at call sites, e.g. for exception handling.
  lldb_private::LazyBool GetUnwindPlanValidAtAllInstructions() const {
    return m_plan_is_valid_at_all_instruction_locations;
  }
 
  // Is this UnwindPlan valid at all instructions?  If not, then it is assumed
  // valid at call sites, e.g. for exception handling.
  void SetUnwindPlanValidAtAllInstructions(
      lldb_private::LazyBool valid_at_all_insn) {
    m_plan_is_valid_at_all_instruction_locations = valid_at_all_insn;
  }
 
  // Is this UnwindPlan for a signal trap frame?  If so, then its saved pc
  // may have been set manually by the signal dispatch code and therefore
  // not follow a call to the child frame.
  lldb_private::LazyBool GetUnwindPlanForSignalTrap() const {
    return m_plan_is_for_signal_trap;
  }
 
  void SetUnwindPlanForSignalTrap(lldb_private::LazyBool is_for_signal_trap) {
    m_plan_is_for_signal_trap = is_for_signal_trap;
  }
 
  int GetRowCount() const { return m_row_list.size(); }
 
  void Clear() {
    m_row_list.clear();
    m_plan_valid_ranges.clear();
    m_register_kind = lldb::eRegisterKindDWARF;
    m_source_name.Clear();
    m_plan_is_sourced_from_compiler = eLazyBoolCalculate;
    m_plan_is_valid_at_all_instruction_locations = eLazyBoolCalculate;
    m_plan_is_for_signal_trap = eLazyBoolCalculate;
  }
 
  const RegisterInfo *GetRegisterInfo(Thread *thread, uint32_t reg_num) const;
 
private:
  std::vector<Row> m_row_list;
  std::vector<AddressRange> m_plan_valid_ranges;
  lldb::RegisterKind m_register_kind; // The RegisterKind these register numbers
                                      // are in terms of - will need to be
  // translated to lldb native reg nums at unwind time
  uint32_t m_return_addr_register; // The register that has the return address
                                   // for the caller frame
                                   // e.g. the lr on arm
  lldb_private::ConstString
      m_source_name; // for logging, where this UnwindPlan originated from
  lldb_private::LazyBool m_plan_is_sourced_from_compiler;
  lldb_private::LazyBool m_plan_is_valid_at_all_instruction_locations;
  lldb_private::LazyBool m_plan_is_for_signal_trap;
};                                 // class UnwindPlan
 
} // namespace lldb_private
 
#endif // LLDB_SYMBOL_UNWINDPLAN_H